Optical and electrical characteristics of in-cloud discharge activity and downward leaders in positive cloud-to-ground lightning flashes
刊物全称
Atmospheric Research
论文作者
Xiangzhen Kong,Yang Zhao,Tong Zhang,HuaibinWang
发表年度
2015
刊物类别
SCI
卷
160
期
15
页码
28-38
影响因子
2.844
通讯作者
Kong, XZ
请求全文
关键词
Positive CG lightning flash, Positive leader, In-cloud discharge process, Optical images, Electric field change
摘要
The characteristics of five downward positive cloud-to-ground (CG) flashes were analyzed based on images from a high-speed video camera and electric field (E-field) changes from slow antenna and fast antenna systems. The flashes persisted for 740 ms to 1250 ms. The luminous durations of the leaders ranged from 4 ms to 24 ms. The average 2-0 development speeds of the positive leaders ranged from 0.3 x 10(5) m/s to 2.0 x 10(5) m/s. The propagation speeds of the positive leaders increased as they approached the ground. Approximately 53.9% of the 89 observed positive CG flashes exhibited isolated monopolar pulses during the leader propagation and immediately prior to the return stroke. The average time interval between adjacent leader pulses was 15 mu s according to the E-field changes. Most leaders of positive CG flashes (approximately 67.4%) began in the presence of prolonged and intense in-cloud discharge (IC) activity that ranged from 100 ms to 973 ms. A cloud discharge may be conducive to the formation of positive CG flashes. Generally, a higher occurrence of positive CG flashes corresponded to a higher occurrence of cloud flash, which suggests that positive CG flash can be initiated by a cloud discharge. Four positive CG flashes exhibited one return stroke, and only one flash had two strokes. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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